PDF全文阅读

江   平

 

(湖北煤炭地质一八二队 , 黄石   435000)

摘  要: 为系统分析富水环境下充填开采巷道围岩失稳机理 , 以某矿山工程为背景 , 采用物理模型试验方法 , 研究了充填体强度 、围岩含水率 、支护强度及地下水压力四个关键因素对围岩稳定性的影响规律 。试验通过伺服加载系统模拟地应力 , 并利用高精度传感器监测围岩位移 、应力及孔隙水压力的演变规律 。研究结果表明 : 充填体抗压强度存在最优阈值  (3. 12 MPa) , 过低或过高均不利于围岩稳定性控制 ; 围岩含水率超过 8%后 ,其强度劣化效应显著加剧 , 位移量剧增 ; 支护强度提升能有效抑制塑性区扩展和孔隙水压力集聚 , 支护密度由0. 5 根/m2 增至 1. 3 根/m2 时 , 顶板下沉量降低 64. 58% ; 地下水压力的增大线性加剧了围岩变形 , 临界失稳水压为 2. 2 MPa, 研究结果为富水巷道充填开采设计提供了重要的试验依据与数据支撑。

关键词: 矿山工程 ; 充填开采 ; 富水巷道 ; 围岩稳定性 ; 物理模型试验

中图分类号: TD353      文献标志码: A      文章编号: 1005-8249 (2026) 04-0115-07

DOI:10. 19860/j. cnki. issn1005-8249. 2026. 04. 017

 

Experimental Study on Factors Influencing the Stability of Surrounding Rock in

Water-Rich Mine Tunnels with Backfill Mining

JIANG Ping

(Hubei Coal Geology 182 Team, Huangshi 435000, China)

Abstract : To systematically analyze the mechanism of surrounding rock instability in water-rich environments during backfill mining of roadways, a certain mine project was taken as the background. Using physical model testing methods, the study investigated the effects of four key factors—backfill strength, surrounding rock moisture content, support strength, and groundwater pressure—on surrounding rock stability.  The tests simulated geostress through a servo loading system and used high-precision sensors to monitor the evolution of surrounding rock displacement, stress, and pore water pressure. The results indicate that there is an optimal threshold for the compressive strength of the backfill (3. 12 MPa) ; both too low and too high values are unfavorable for controlling surrounding rock stability. When the moisture content of the surrounding rock exceeds 8% , its strength deterioration effect intensifies significantly, and displacement increases sharply.  Increasing the support strength can effectively suppress the expansion of the plastic zone and the accumulation of pore water pressure. When the support density is increased from 0. 5 rods/m2 to 1. 3 rods/m2 , roof subsidence is reduced by 64. 58%. Increasing groundwater pressure linearly aggravates surrounding rock deformation, with a critical instability water pressure of 2. 2 MPa.  The results provide important experimental basis and data support for the design of backfill mining in water-rich roadways.

Key words: mine engineering; backfill mining; water-rich roadway; surrounding rock stability; physical model experiment