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孟 瑜 ,张玉彬 ,金 蕾 ,严鹏华
(南京医科大学第一附属医院 ,南京 210029)
摘 要 :为研究复杂条件下基坑开挖过程中基坑变形规律及周边环境影响 ,以江苏省南京市某医院深基坑为工程背景 ,采用数值模拟基坑全过程开挖 ,对基坑周围地表及地下管线、建筑物变形规律进行分析 ,并运用现场实测结果对数值模拟结果进行检验。结果表明:基坑开挖后 ,基坑外围地表沉降形成不对称沉降槽 ,坑底出现底鼓 ,坑底及邻近裸露表面呈典型 “山 ” 字形变形轮廓;地表最大沉降位于距坑壁约 12. 1 m 处 ,最大下沉量达30. 05 mm;侧向位移曲线呈 “弓形”,表现为 “两端小、中段大”,峰值随开挖加深向下迁移 ,最大水平位移位于距坑壁约 5 m 处 ,中部最大水平位移量为 6. 24 mm , 两端小于 3 mm , 距壁面 20 m 处土体侧向位移小于1 mm , 远离坑壁建筑物沉降与随距离增加呈现出衰减特征 ,基于监测结果拟合得到地表影响半径与开挖深度的经验公式。基于地表沉降与土体水平位移曲线发现 ,远处管线对地表下沉仍具有抑制作用 ,但对土体侧向位移未产生影响。
关键词:基坑开挖 ;地表变形 ;数值模拟 ;变形规律
中图分类号:TU457 文献标志码:A 文章编号: 1005- 8249 (2026) 01- 0149- 07
DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2026.01 .026
MENG Yu , ZHANG Yubin , JIN Lei , YAN Penghua
(The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029 , China)
Abstract : To study the deformation law of foundation pits and the influence on the surrounding environment under complex conditions during the excavation process , taking a deep foundation pit of a hospital in Nanjing , Jiangsu Province as the engineering background , numerical simulation was adopted to simulate the entire excavation process of the foundation pit. The deformation laws of the ground surface and underground pipelines and buildings around the foundation pit were analyzed , and the numerical simulation results were verified by the field measurement results . The research results show that after the foundation pit excavation , the ground surface settlement around the foundation pit forms an asymmetrical settlement trough , and the bottom of the foundation pit shows a bottom bulge . The deformation contour of the foundation pit bottom and the adjacent exposed surface is in a typical " mountain " shape . The maximum ground surface settlement is located about 12. 1 m away from the pit wall , with a maximum settlement of 30. 05 mm. The lateral displacement curve is in a " bow " shape , showing " small at both ends and large in the middle " . The peak value migrates downward with the deepening of the excavation. The maximum horizontal displacement is located about 5 m away from the pit wall , with a maximum horizontal displacement of 6. 24 mm in the middle , less than 3 mm at both ends , and less than 1 mm at 20 m away from the wall . The settlement of buildings far from the foundation pit shows a decay characteristic with the increase of distance . Based on the monitoring results , the empirical formula of the influence radius of the ground surface and the excavation depth was fitted . Based on the ground surface settlement and soil horizontal displacement curves , it is found that the pipelines far away still have an inhibitory effect on the ground surface settlement , but have no effect on the soil lateral displacement.
Key words : foundation pit excavation; ground surface deformation; numerical simulation; deformation law
作者简介:孟 瑜 (1987—) , 男 ,硕士研究生 ,高级工程师 ,研究方向: 工程管理 、结构工程。
通信作者:严鹏华 (1987—) , 男 ,硕士研究生 ,高级工程师 ,研究方向: 工程管理 、电气工程及其自动化。
收稿日期:2025 - 1 1 - 10
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