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田   靖 ，左嘉源 ，郝翠彩 ，刘少亮

 

（ 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 ，河北 石家庄 050227)

摘   要 ：鉴于建筑用能全面电气化是实现零碳 、低碳运行的最佳途径，根据供暖、炊事、生活热水现状调研分析零碳建筑电气化，分别通过居住建筑和公共建筑工程实例进行供暖、炊事、生活热水有无电气化的碳减排计算，进而研究零碳建筑电气化潜力，得出采用高效的空气源热泵制热可以有效降低建筑供暖的碳排放， 电炊具比燃气炊具产生更多的碳排放，采用电热水器碳排放高于燃气热水器，但采用空气源热泵热水器、太阳能 等方式能有效降低碳排放。同时，分析了 “双碳 ”目标下零碳建筑电气化中存在的问题，如在超高温热泵 、大容量高温热泵、超大容量热泵领域有待深入开展研发，能源价格体系改革等，最后提出零碳建筑电气化未来技术展望。

关键词：零碳建筑 ；电气化 ；供暖 ；热泵 ；炊事 ；生活热水

中图分类号：TU855            

文献标志码：A           

文章编号： 1005- 8249   (2024)  05- 0125- 05 

DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2024.05 .023

 

TIAN Jing ,  ZUO Jiayuan ,  HAO Cuicai ,  LIU Shaoliang

(Hebei Academy of Building Research Co. ，Ltd. ，Shijiazhuang 050227 ,  China)

Abstract：In view of the fact that the comprehensive electrification of building energy is the best way to achieve zero-carbon and low-carbon operation, the electrification of zero-carbon buildings is analyzed according to the investigation of the current situation of heating, cooking and domestic hot water, and the carbon emission reduction of heating, cooking and domestic hot water is calculated through the examples of residential buildings and public buildings respectively, and then the electrification potential of zero-carbon buildings is studied. It is concluded that the use of efficient air source heat pump heating can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of building heating, electric cookers produce more carbon emissions than gas cookers, the use of electric water heater carbon emissions are higher than gas water heaters, but the use of air source heat pump water heater, solar energy and other ways can effectively reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the electrification of zero carbon buildings under the goal of "double carbon", such as the need for in-depth research and development in the field of ultra-high temperature heat pump, large capacity high temperature heat pump, super capacity heat pump, energy price system reform, and finally puts forward the future technology outlook of zero carbon building electrification.Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation of heating, cooking and domestic hot water, the electrification paths of zero-carbon buildings are analyzed, and the carbon emission reduction of heating, cooking and domestic hot water is calculated respectively through engineering examples, and then the electrification potential of zero-carbon buildings is studied. It is concluded that the use of efficient air source heat pump for heating can effectively reduce the carbon emission of building heating, and electric cookers produce more carbon emissions than gas cookers. The carbon emission of electric water heaters is higher than that of gas water heaters, but the use of air source heat pump water heaters, solar energy and other ways can effectively reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the electrification of zero carbon buildings under the goal of "double carbon", such as the need for in-depth research and development in the field of ultra-high temperature heat pump, large capacity high temperature heat pump, super capacity heat pump, energy price system reform, and finally puts forward the future technology outlook of zero carbon building electrification.

Keywords：zero carbon building; electrification;heating; heat pump; cooking; domestic hot water

*基金项目：住房和城乡建设部研究开发项目  (2022- K- 124) ;  河北省重点研发计划  (22374501 D) ;  河北省建设科技研究项目 (2023- 2108) 。

作者简介： 田   靖  (1988—) , 女，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向：节能建筑（ 超低能耗建筑 、绿色建筑）研究。 

通信作者：左嘉源  (1993—) ,  男，硕士，工程师，研究方向：节能建筑（ 超低能耗建筑、绿色建筑） 研究。

收稿日期：2023- 07- 19